A’zaa	These are parts of the body and contain the energy required by them to perform their respective functions.
A’zaa-e- Raeesah	The vital organs of the body, these are important for the normalfunctioning of the body and preservation of health.these are four in no i.e. heart, liver, brain and testes/ovary.
Aasaab	Nerves.
Af’aal	Function -These are subservient of quwa.
Aghshiyah	Membrane.
Ajsaam-e-Khabeesah	Micro-organism.
Akhlaat (Humours)	These are those moist and fluid parts of the body, which areproduced after transformation, and metabolism of elements theyserve the function of nutrition, growth and repair and produceenergy for the preservation of individual and species. The rightproportion and intermixture of theses in terms of quantity andquality constitutes health and inappropriate proportion or imbalanceaccording to quality and quantity and irregular distribution leads to disease.
Alaamat(Sign & Symptom)	Symptoms Any sensation or change in bodily function that is experienced by a patient and is associated with a particular disease.
Arba’h	Four.
Arkaan (Elelments)	These are simple indivisible matters, which provide the primary components for the living and non-living. They cannot be further resolved into simpler entities.
Arz (Earth)	This is a category, which stands for solid elements.
Arz	Any disease or disorder that occurs during the course of (or because of) another disease (Complications).
Asbaab-e-Sitta Zarooriyah	Six essential factors of health without which healthy life is impossible.
Azm	Bone.
Balgham	All the white or colourless fluids of the body are called as Balgham (phlegm).
Baraaz	Faeces-Excretory product evacuated from the bowels .
Batee-un-nufuz	Substances that are slowly absorbed by the body.
Baul	Excretory by-product of the kidney (Urine).
Dalak	Kneading and rubbing parts of the body to increase circulation and promote relaxation (Massage).
Dam	The red colored fluid that circulates in the blood vessels .It is regarded as carrier of all four kinds of Akhlaat viz dam(Blood),Balgham, Safra and Sauda.
Dawa	A substance that has medicinal value and is used as drug.
Dawa-e-ghizaee	Medicinal Nutrition - medicines which have some nutritional value along with the medicinal benefits.
Ehtebaas (Retention)	This is a process of retention or preservation of material in the body.
Fasd (Blood Letting)	Blood letting from the vessels for therapeutic purposes.
Fasid Mawaad (Waste matter)	Morbid Matter.
Fuzlat	Any materials unused and rejected as worthless or unwanted (Waste product).
Ghair	Taba’iyah Condition opposing the tabiyat (pathological).
Ghaleez	Relatively dense in consistency (Viscous).
Ghiza-e-Dawaee	Nutritive Medicine-diets which have medicinal properties.
Ghiza-e-ghahleez	Food that after metabolism produces thick blood.
Ghiza-e-kaseef	Bulky Diet.
Ghiza-raqeeq	Liquid Diet.
Ghuzroof	Cartilage.
Haad	Any condition which is short and severe.
Haiwaani	Animal origin.
Hijamat (Cupping)	It is a procedure, in which vacuum is created by the application of a cup on the skin to draw blood towards the surface.
Hammam (Bath)	It is a set of rooms designed to have a bath for therapeutic purposes described classically.
Hararat-e-Ghariziyah	This is the heat/energy produced in the body , which is essential for maintenance of health.
Hararat-e-Mufrit	This refers to an increase in body temperature from its normal limits.
Harkat-o-Sakoon-e-Badni	Physical movement and physical repose.
Harkat-o-Sakoon-e-Nafsani	Psychological activity (emotion) and psychological repose.
Hawa	This is a category, which stands for gaseous elements.
Hawa-e-Muheet	The air that surrounds us (Environmental air.)
Hawa-e-Naseem	Oxygen rich air.
Hazmah	The organic process by which food is converted into substances that can be absorbed into the body. (Digestion).
Hijamat bilashurt	Cupping without scarification.
Hijamat bisshurt	Cupping with scarification.
Huqna	It is the process of giving enema for therapeutic purposes.
Idraar-e-Haiz	Propulsion of menstrual discharge.
Ilaj Bil Zid	Principle of treatment wherein the temperament of the drug is antagonist to that of the disease.
Ilaj-bil-dawa	Treatment through drugs (pharmacotherapy).
Ilaj-bil-ghiza	Treatment through diet (dietotherapy).
Ilaj-bil-yad	Treatment through surgical procedures (surgery).
Iltehaab	It a swelling that occurs in reaction to irritation, injury, or infection (Inflammation).
Imaala	Diversion of the matter from the diseased organ for therapeutic purposes.
Imtehan- bil-lams	A method of examination in which the examiner feels the size or shape or firmness or location of body part (Palpation).
Imtehan-bil-nazar	The act of examining something closely with eyes (Inspection).
Imtehan-bil-qara	Tapping a part of the body for diagnostic purposes (Percussion).
Imtelaa	Excessive accumulation of blood or other fluids in a body part (Congestion).
Insibab	This refers to being poured out.
Ishaal	The process of evacuation or excretion through bowels.
Istefragh	A process of discharging waste matter from the body either bynatural process or with the aid of drugs or certain procedure.
Istehala	Biochemical reaction of the body (metabolism).
Juz-e-badan	The food after tissue metabolism is formed into various hormones, enzymes and other proteins, which are helpful in the process of growth and repair, and becomes an integral part of the tissue or organ.
Kabid	Liver.
Kaee	Cauterisation of the body parts for therapeutic purposes (Cauterization).
Kaifiyat	Property of a substance that deals in quality.
Kammiyat	Property of a substance that deals in quantity.
Kaseef	Of comparatively great physical weight or density (Heavy).
Kaylus	When Ghiza (food) passes through primary digestion (hazm-e-ma’idi) this ghiza is transformed into kaylus (chyme), which resembles Aas-e-jau( barley water).
Lahem	Muscle.
Lateef	Of comparatively little physical weight or density (Light).
Lazoojat-e-Akhlat	Viscosity of the humors.
Ma’ dini Advia	Any condition which is short and severe.
Maa’	Water.
Maa-e-Sheerein	Pure /Mineral water.
Madda	That which has mass and occupies space (Matter).
Mahaul	Surroundings.
Makool-o Mashroob	Food and drinks.
Marz	An impairment of health or a condition of abnormal functioning(Disease).
Mikwa	The instrument through which cauterization is done (cauterant).
Mizaj (Temperament)	It is a new state of a matter having quality different from that presentin the elements or compounds before coming into chemicalcombination which results from the action and reaction among thecontra try qualities and power present in the minute particles ofdifferent elements (temperament).
Mizaj-e-Baarid Ratab (Cold and Moist)	Cold and wet temperament.
Mizaj-e-Baarid Yaabis (Cold and dry)	Cold and dry temperament.
Mizaj-e-Haar Ratab (Hot and moist)	Hot and wet temperament.
Mizaj-e-Haar Yaabis (Hot and dry)	Hot and dry temperament.
Mo’tadil	Substance that is in a balanced state.
Mohalill	(Anti inflammatory)The drugs or procedures, which have a Resolvent property.
Mudir	Drugs or procedures that have evacuating property for fluids.
Mufatteh-e-Sudad	Drugs or procedures that have a deobstruent effect.
Mufrad	Existing alone or consisting of one entity (Single).
Munaffis	The drugs which have an expectorant action.
Munzij	The drugs that are used for maturing matter to a state wherein it canbe easily evacuated by the body.
Muqawwi	The drugs which increase the overall strength of the body.
Muqawwi-e-bah	The drugs which are used as Aphrodisiac.
Muqee	The drugs which are used as Emetic.
Murrakkab	Consisting of two or more substances or ingredients or elements orparts (Compound).
Mushil	Purgatives.
Musleh	The drugs which counter act the toxicity of another drug.
Mussaffi-e-dam	These are the drugs that have blood purifying property.
Mussakin-e-alam	Drugs or procedures that have an analgesic property.
Muzmin	Condition progressing slowly and persisting over a long period oftime.
Naar	It denotes matter that has been changed into heat energy.
Nabaati	Having plant origin.
Nabz (Pulse)	Pulse is the alternate expansion (inbisaat) and contraction(inqibadh) of the arteries produced by the pressure changes during systole and diastole of ventricles of the heart.
Nafsaniyaat	The study of mind and behavior in relation to a particular field of knowledge or activity (psychology).
Naum	The natural periodic suspension of consciousness during which the powers of the body are restored (Sleep).
Nuzj	The process of maturing morbid matter to a state wherein it can be easily evacuated by the body.
Qai (Vomiting)	The reflex act of ejecting the contents of the stomach through themouth. It can be either pathological or induced by certain procedures.
Qaleel-ul-ghiza	Decreased quantity of food.
Qate’	Drugs that neutralize/modify the adverse effects produced by body humours.
Qatil kirm shikam	Drugs that have a vermicidal action (anthelminthic).
Qurooh	A circumscribed inflammatory and often suppurating lesion on the skin or an internal mucous surface resulting in necrosis of tissue (Ulcer).
Quwa (Faculties)	These are the natural and specialized powers which are furnished to a living body for the performance of its specific functions.
Quwwat-e- Baserah	Visual faculty.
Quwwat-e- Hafizah	The power of retaining and recalling past experience (Memory).
Quwwat-e- Haiwaniyah	Those faculty which furnish vitality to the organs to enable them to receive Quwwat-e- Nafsaaniyah (mental power) to accomplishvarious activity of life.
Quwwat-e- Lam’sah	Tactile faculty.
Quwwat-e- Nafsaaniyah	The faculty which perform intellectual, sensory and motor functions of the body.
Quwwat-e- Saameyah	Auditory faculty.
Quwwat-e- Sha’mma	Olfactory faculty
Quwwat-e- Tanasuliyah	The faculty which ensures propagation and preservation of the species.
Quwwat-e- Zai’qah	Faculty of Taste.
Quwwat-e-Manaat	The faculty responsible for resistanceagainst disease. (Immunity)
Quwwat-e-Mudabbira-e- badan	See tabiyat
Quwwat-e-Tab’iyah (Physical power)	The faculty responsible for ingestion, digestion, absorption, transformation and assimilation of ghiza (food) and excretion of waste products and preservation of race.
Radi’	Waste and unuseful material
Raqeeq	Thin in consistency or low in density.
Ratoobat	A substance that is in liquid form.
Rebaat	Tendon.
Riyazat (Exercise)	Riyazat is voluntary movement an individual makes with one or more parts of the body to spend excess energy and to stay fit(exercise).
Ruh	It is a gaseous substance, obtained from inspired air. It helps in all metabolic activities of the body, it burns the akhlat to produce all kinds of quwa (powers) and hararat ghariziyah (innate heat). It is the source of vitality for all the organs of the body.
Sabab	A reason for an action or condition (Cause).
Safra	Bile and all yellow fluids of the body are categorized as safra.
Salaabat	This refers to hardness of tissue or organ.
Sam	Posion Substances that are easily absorbed by the body.
Sauda	All dark brown or black fluids of the body (melanchole).
Sehat	Health.
Shahem	Fat.
Soorat-e-nuiyah	Molecular structure.
Su’e Mizaj baarid	Imbalance of temperament wherein coldness exceeds its normal limits.
Su’e Mizaj ratab	Imbalance of temperament wherein moisture exceeds its normal limits.
Su’e Mizaj yaabis	Imbalance of temperament wherein dryness exceeds its normal limits.
Su’e-Mizaj	Imbalance of temperament.
Sudda	Material that produce obstruction in flow of fluids of the body.
Taba’iyah	Pertaining to tabiyat (physis).
Tabeeb	Helper of Tabiyat or physician.
Tabiyat (physis)	It is that energy of the body, which is essential to perform allcorrective and progressive functions of the body.
Tafarruq-e-ittesaal	This refers to any discontinuity/breach of tissue.
Taghayyur	Events that occurs when something passes from one state to another (Changes).
Takmeed	Takmeed is the process of keeping the body or particular part of the body warm through a piece of cloth (Fomentation).
Tal’een	It is a process through which laxation is induced.
Taleeq or Irsal-e-Alaq	Irsal-e-Alaq is the procedure wherein a leech is applied to the skin for therapeutic purposes (congestion).
Tanqiyah	The process of evacuating waste products from the body.
Tareeq	The process of inducing sweating for therapeutic purposes.
Tark-e-ghiza	Abstinence from food.
Tibb	Medical science.
Tihaal	Spleen.
Tila	Tila is a kind of Medicated Oil that is applied on affected part.
Tiryaaq	Antidote.
Ufoonath	Invasion of the body by pathogenic microorganisms causing inflammation. (Infection).
Umoor al Tabayiah	It deals with the nature of a thing (human body) which is comprised of seven pillars.
Urooq	Vessels
Usool-e-Ilaaj	Principles of treatment.
Waram	Swelling
Yaqza	A state of complete consciousness (awake).
Zimaad	Medicinal paste that is applied on the affected part.
Zood Hazm	Food that is easily digested.